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波澜N多的波兰
亲爱的小文:
你弹过萧bangFredericFrancoisChopin(一八一○——一八四九)的作品吗?Chopin是波兰人。只活了三十九岁。Chopinplayedthepianoinpublicwhenonlyeightyearsold。Hebegantocomposesoonafterward。HestudiedattheWarsawConservatoryfrom1826to1829beforeleavingPolandin1830。HesettledinParisin1831,and,exceptforsometravel,helivedtheretherestofhislife。
波兰夹在德国俄国之间,老是被侵略、被瓜分、被瓜剖豆分([ofacounty]tobedividedorsplitlikeamelonorabean;tobepartitioned)。
Chopin音乐激起波兰人的爱国心。
ThepolesalsohaveaninsatiableappetitefortranslationsofMolièreandShawandfortheirown19th-centurydramatistswhowrotefromexile,whentheircountrywaspartitioneda摸ngthreeneigh波ringempires。
Theplays,novels,andmusicofthisperiodhelpedkeepthePolessenseofnationhoodalive。Onecomposer,inparticular,hasstirredpolishpridethroughthedarkyears,He,ofcourse,isChopin,whosebirthplaceatZelazowaWola,28mileswestofWarsaw,isanationalshrine。here,everySundayinthespringandsummer,thepublicisi女itedtoaChopinconcert。
波兰在一七七二、一七九三、一七九五、一九三九年前后被瓜分四次。一九一四年被瓜分了以后,地图上没有波兰了。一九四五年苏联(Russia/U。S。S。R。)分了波兰东边,却把德国东边补给波兰。所以波兰“失之东隅,收之桑榆”(tosufferalossinoneplacebutmakeagainsomewhereelse)。
苏联这zhong作风,叫“慷他人之慨”(toshowgenerosityorunselfishnessbyanotherswealth;tobegenerousattheexpenseofothers)。爸爸在四、六信中跟你谈过,英文叫RobPetertopayPaul(抢彼得赔保罗)。
波兰的首都是华沙(Warsaw),Warsaw,Warsaw,Warsaw可真saw了war。二次世界大战,华沙城全毁,人死了四分之一。
葛单斯克(Gdańsk)在德文叫但泽(Danzig),是造船中心,这个城和波兰走廊(PolishCorridor)过去都是世界大新闻,因为它们老是和德国扯不清。
POLISHCORRIDORisahistoricstripoflandthatwasoncetheancientpolishprovinceofPo摸rze。PolandlosttheprovincetoPrussiain1772。WhenPrussiabecomeaGermanstatein1871,theareafellintoGermancontrol。
AfterWorldWarI,theVersaillesTreatyestablishedthecorridoroflandtogivePolandfreeaccesstotheBalticSea。ThecorridorseparatedEastPrussiaandtheportcityofDanzigfromtherestofGerman